Sistem APG IV

Sistem APG IV klasifikacije cvjetnica je četvrta verzija modernog sistema klasifikacije biljaka, koji je pretežno zasnovan na molekulskoj filogenetici u organizaciji Grupe za filogeniju angiospermi (APG). Objavljen je 2016, sedam godina nakon prethodnih sistema APG II u 2009, a 18 godina poslije APG sistema iz 1998. U 2009, odvojeno je objavljeno i linearno uređenje sistema; dokument APG IV uključuje takav aranžman, koji se referira na onaj iz 2009.

U odnosu na sistem APG III, APG IV prepoznaje pet novih redova (Boraginales, Dilleniales, Icacinales, Metteniusales i Vahliales), zajedno s nekim novim porodicama, što čini ukupno 64 reda angiosperma i 416 porodica. Općenito, autori opisuju njihovu filozofiju kao "konzervativnu", koja se temelji na izmjenama iz APG III samo tamo gdje je dokazana "dobro podržana potreba". To je ponekad rezultiralo plasmanima koji nisu kompatibilni s objavljenim studijama, ali tamo gdje je potrebno daljnje istraživanje prije nego što se klasifikacija može promijeniti.

Kratka verzija

Detaljnija verzija Upotrebljeni ključni simboli: * = Porodica je dodata ili se njen obim se promijenio od APG III sistem iz 2009. † = Red je dodan APG III sistemu

Bazne angiosperme Amborellales Melikyan et al. Amborellaceae Pichon, nom. cons. Nymphaeales Salisb. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Hydatellaceae U.Hamann Cabombaceae Rich. ex A.Rich., nom. cons. Nymphaeaceae Salisb., nom. cons. Austrobaileyales Takht. ex Reveal Austrobaileyaceae Croizat, nom. cons. Trimeniaceae Gibbs, nom. cons. Schisandraceae Blume, nom. cons.

Magnoliide Canellales Cronq. Canellaceae Mart., nom. cons. Winteraceae R.Br. ex Lindl., nom. cons. Piperales Bercht. & J.Presl Saururaceae Rich. ex T.Lestib., nom. cons. Piperaceae Giseke, nom. cons. Aristolochiaceae Juss., nom. cons. * (uključujući Asaraceae Vent., Hydnoraceae C.Agardh, nom. cons., Lactoridaceae Engl., nom. cons.) Magnoliales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Myristicaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Magnoliaceae Juss., nom. cons. Degeneriaceae I.W.Bailey & A.C.Sm., nom. cons. Himantandraceae Diels, nom. cons. Eupomatiaceae Orb., nom. cons. Annonaceae Juss., nom. cons. Laurales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Calycanthaceae Lindl., nom. cons. Siparunaceae Schodde Gomortegaceae Reiche, nom. cons. Atherospermataceae R.Br. Hernandiaceae Blume, nom. cons. Monimiaceae Juss., nom. cons. Lauraceae Juss., nom. cons.

Nezavisne loze: nesvrstani inkluzivniji kladus Chloranthales Mart. Chloranthaceae R.Br. ex Sims, nom. cons.

Monokotiledone Acorales Mart. Acoraceae Martinov Alismatales R.Br. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Araceae Juss., nom. cons. Tofieldiaceae Takht. Alismataceae Vent., nom. cons. Butomaceae Mirb., nom. cons. Hydrocharitaceae Juss., nom. cons. Scheuchzeriaceae F.Rudolphi, nom. cons. Aponogetonaceae Planch., nom. cons. Juncaginaceae Rich., nom. cons. * Maundiaceae Nakai * Zosteraceae Dumort., nom. cons. Potamogetonaceae Bercht. & J.Presl, nom. cons Posidoniaceae Vines, nom. cons. Ruppiaceae Horan., nom. cons. Cymodoceaceae Vines, nom. cons. Petrosaviales Takht. Petrosaviaceae Hutch., nom. cons. Dioscoreales Mart. Nartheciaceae Fr. ex Bjurzon Burmanniaceae Blume, nom. cons. (nemonofiletske) Dioscoreaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Pandanales R.Br. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Triuridaceae Gardner, nom. cons. Velloziaceae J.Agardh, nom. cons. Stemonaceae Caruel, nom. cons. Cyclanthaceae Poit. ex A.Rich., nom. cons. Pandanaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Liliales Perleb Campynemataceae Dumort. Corsiaceae Becc., nom. cons. Melanthiaceae Batsch ex Borkh., nom. cons. Petermanniaceae Hutch, nom. cons. Alstroemeriaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Colchicaceae DC., nom. cons. Philesiaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Ripogonaceae Conran & Clifford Smilacaceae Vent., nom. cons. Liliaceae Juss., nom. cons. Asparagales Link Orchidaceae Juss., nom. cons. Boryaceae M.W.Chase et al. Blandfordiaceae R.Dahlgren & Clifford Asteliaceae Dumort. Lanariaceae H.Huber ex R.Dahlgren Hypoxidaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Doryanthaceae R.Dahlgren & Clifford Ixioliriaceae Nakai (kao 'Ixiolirionaceae') Tecophilaeaceae Leyb., nom. cons. Iridaceae Juss., nom. cons. Xeronemataceae M.W.Chase et al. Asphodelaceae Juss., nom. cons. prop. (uključujući Xanthorrhoeaceae Dumort., nom. cons.) Amaryllidaceae J.St.-Hil., nom. cons. Asparagaceae Juss., nom. cons. Arecales Bromhead Dasypogonaceae Dumort. Arecaceae Bercht. & J.Presl, nom. cons. (=Palmae Juss., nom. cons.) Commelinales Mirb. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Hanguanaceae Airy Shaw Commelinaceae Mirb., nom. cons. Philydraceae Link, nom. cons. Pontederiaceae Kunth, nom. cons. Haemodoraceae R.Br., nom. cons. Zingiberales Griseb. Strelitziaceae Hutch., nom. cons. Lowiaceae Ridl., nom. cons. Heliconiaceae Vines Musaceae Juss., nom. cons. Cannaceae Juss., nom. cons. Marantaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Costaceae Nakai Zingiberaceae Martinov, nom. cons. Poales Small Typhaceae Juss., nom. cons. Bromeliaceae Juss., nom. cons. Rapateaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Xyridaceae C.Agardh, nom. cons. Eriocaulaceae Martinov, nom. cons. Mayacaceae Kunth, nom. cons. Thurniaceae Engl., nom. cons. Juncaceae Juss., nom. cons. Cyperaceae Juss., nom. cons. Restionaceae R.Br., nom. cons. * (uključujući Anarthriaceae D.W.Cutler & Airy Shaw, Centrolepidaceae Endl., nom. cons.) Flagellariaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Joinvilleaceae Toml. & A.C.Sm. Ecdeiocoleaceae D.W.Cutler & Airy Shaw Poaceae Barnhart, nom. cons. (= Gramineae Juss., nom. cons.)

Vjerovatno sestrinske za eudikotiledone Ceratophyllales Link Ceratophyllaceae Gray, nom. cons.

Eudikototiledone Ranunculales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Eupteleaceae K.Wilh., nom. cons. Papaveraceae Juss., nom. cons. Circaeasteraceae Hutch., nom. cons. Lardizabalaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Menispermaceae Juss., nom. cons. Berberidaceae Juss., nom. cons. Ranunculaceae Juss., nom. cons. Proteales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Sabiaceae Blume, nom. cons. Nelumbonaceae A.Rich., nom. cons. Platanaceae T.Lestib., nom. cons. Proteaceae Juss., nom. cons. Trochodendrales Takht. ex Cronq. Trochodendraceae Eichler, nom. cons. Buxales Takht. ex Reveal Buxaceae Dumort., nom. cons. * (uključujući Haptanthaceae C.Nelson)

Jezgarne eudikotiledone Gunnerales Takht. ex Reveal Myrothamnaceae Nied., nom. cons. Gunneraceae Meisn., nom. cons. Dilleniales DC. ex Bercht. & J.Presl † Dilleniaceae Salisb., nom. cons.

Superroside Saxifragales Bercht. & J.Presl Peridiscaceae Kuhlm., nom. cons. Paeoniaceae Raf., nom. cons. Altingiaceae Lindl., nom. cons. Hamamelidaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Cercidiphyllaceae Engl., nom. cons. Daphniphyllaceae Müll.Arg., nom. cons. Iteaceae J.Agardh, nom. cons. Grossulariaceae DC., nom. cons. Saxifragaceae Juss., nom. cons. Crassulaceae J.St.-Hil., nom. cons. Aphanopetalaceae Doweld Tetracarpaeaceae Nakai Penthoraceae Rydb. ex Britton, nom. cons. Haloragaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Cynomoriaceae Endl. ex Lindl., nom. cons.

Roside Vitales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Vitaceae Juss., nom. cons. Zygophyllales Link Krameriaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Zygophyllaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Fabales Bromhead Quillajaceae D.Don Fabaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (= Leguminosae Juss., nom. cons.) Surianaceae Arn., nom. cons. Polygalaceae Hoffmanns. & Link, nom. cons. Rosales Bercht. & J.Presl Rosaceae Juss., nom. cons. Barbeyaceae Rendle, nom. cons. Dirachmaceae Hutch. Elaeagnaceae Juss., nom. cons. Rhamnaceae Juss., nom. cons. Ulmaceae Mirb., nom. cons. Cannabaceae Martinov, nom. cons. Moraceae Gaudich., nom. cons. Urticaceae Juss., nom. cons. Fagales Engl. Nothofagaceae Kuprian. Fagaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Myricaceae Rich. ex Kunth, nom. cons. Juglandaceae DC. ex Perleb, nom. cons. Casuarinaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Ticodendraceae Gomez-Laur. & L.D.Gomez Betulaceae Gray, nom. cons. Cucurbitales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Apodanthaceae Tiegh. ex Takht. * Anisophylleaceae Ridl. Corynocarpaceae Engl., nom. cons. Coriariaceae DC., nom. cons. Cucurbitaceae Juss., nom. cons. Tetramelaceae Airy Shaw Datiscaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Begoniaceae C.Agardh, nom. cons.

Kladus COM clade; neizvjestan položaj Celastrales Link Lepidobotryaceae J. Leonard, nom. cons. Celastraceae R.Br., nom. cons. Oxalidales Bercht. & J.Presl Huaceae A.Chev. Connaraceae R.Br., nom. cons. Oxalidaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Cunoniaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Elaeocarpaceae Juss., nom. cons. Cephalotaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Brunelliaceae Engl., nom. cons. Malpighiales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Pandaceae Engl. & Gilg, nom. cons. Irvingiaceae Exell & Mendonça, nom. cons. * (uključujući Allantospermum Forman) Ctenolophonaceae Exell & Mendonça Rhizophoraceae Pers., nom. cons. Erythroxylaceae Kunth, nom. cons. Ochnaceae DC., nom. cons. Bonnetiaceae L.Beauvis. ex Nakai Clusiaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (= Guttiferae Juss., nom. cons.) Calophyllaceae J.Agardh Podostemaceae Rich. ex Kunth, nom. cons. Hypericaceae Juss., nom. cons. Caryocaraceae Voigt, nom. cons. Lophopyxidaceae H.Pfeiff. Putranjivaceae Meisn. Centroplacaceae Doweld & Reveal Elatinaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Malpighiaceae Juss., nom. cons. Balanopaceae Benth. & Hook.f., nom. cons. Trigoniaceae A.Juss., nom. cons. Dichapetalaceae Baill., nom. cons. Euphroniaceae Marc.-Berti Chrysobalanaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Humiriaceae A.Juss., nom. cons. Achariaceae Harms, nom. cons. Violaceae Batsch, nom. cons. Goupiaceae Miers Passifloraceae Juss. ex Roussel, nom. cons. Lacistemataceae Mart., nom. cons. Salicaceae Mirb., nom. cons. Peraceae Klotzsch * Rafflesiaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Euphorbiaceae Juss., nom. cons. * Linaceae DC. ex Perleb, nom. cons. Ixonanthaceae Planch. ex Miq., nom. cons. * Picrodendraceae Small, nom. cons. Phyllanthaceae Martinov, nom. cons.

Roside - nastavak Geraniales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Geraniaceae Juss., nom. cons. Francoaceae A.Juss., nom. cons. * (uključujući Bersamaceae Doweld, Greyiaceae Hutch., nom. cons., Ledocarpaceae Meyen, Melianthaceae Horan., nom. cons., Rhynchothecaceae A.Juss., Vivianiaceae Klotzsch, nom. cons.) Myrtales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Combretaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Lythraceae J.St.-Hil., nom. cons. Onagraceae Juss., nom. cons. Vochysiaceae A.St.-Hil., nom. cons. Myrtaceae Juss., nom. cons. Melastomataceae Juss., nom. cons. Crypteroniaceae A.DC., nom. cons. Alzateaceae S.A.Graham Penaeaceae Sweet ex Guill., nom. cons. Crossosomatales Takht. ex Reveal Aphloiaceae Takht. Geissolomataceae A.DC., nom. cons. Strasburgeriaceae Tiegh., nom. cons. Staphyleaceae Martinov, nom. cons. Guamatelaceae S.H.Oh & D.Potter Stachyuraceae J.Agardh, nom. cons. Crossosomataceae Engl., nom. cons. Picramniales Doweld Picramniaceae Fernando & Quinn Huerteales Doweld Gerrardinaceae M.H.Alford Petenaeaceae Christenh. et al. * Tapisciaceae Takht. Dipentodontaceae Merr., nom. cons. Sapindales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Biebersteiniaceae Schnizl. Nitrariaceae Lindl. Kirkiaceae Takht. Burseraceae Kunth, nom. cons. Anacardiaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Sapindaceae Juss., nom. cons. (uključujući Xanthocerataceae Buerki et al., as 'Xanthoceraceae') Rutaceae Juss., nom. cons. Simaroubaceae DC., nom. cons. Meliaceae Juss., nom. cons. Malvales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl Cytinaceae A.Rich. Muntingiaceae C.Bayer et al. Neuradaceae Kostel., nom. cons. Malvaceae Juss., nom. cons. Sphaerosepalaceae Bullock Thymelaeaceae Juss., nom. cons. Bixaceae Kunth, nom. cons. Cistaceae Juss., nom. cons. * (uključujući Pakaraimaea Maguire & P.S.Ashton) Sarcolaenaceae Caruel, nom. cons. Dipterocarpaceae Blume, nom. cons. * Brassicales Bromhead Akaniaceae Stapf, nom. cons. Tropaeolaceae Juss. ex DC., nom. cons. Moringaceae Martinov, nom. cons. Caricaceae Dumort., nom. cons. Limnanthaceae R.Br., nom. cons. Setchellanthaceae Iltis Koeberliniaceae Engl., nom. cons. Bataceae Mart. ex Perleb, nom. cons. Salvadoraceae Lindl., nom. cons.