Cinoglòssids

Morfologia Aletes imparelles contínues. La caudal pot ésser absent. El cos és molt allargat en forma de llengua. Poden arribar a tindre fins a tres línies laterals, totes al costat ocular. No tenen pectoral i, de vegades, les pèlviques poden no aparèixer.Mas Ferrà, Xavier i Canyelles Ferrà, Xavier: Peixos de les Illes Balears. Editorial Moll, Palma, maig del 2000. Manuals d'Introducció a la Naturalesa, 13. . Plana 271.

Distribució geogràfica Es troben als oceans tropicals i subtropicals, tot i que n'hi ha espècies que viuen a estuaris i rius.ZipCodeZoo

Taxonomia Hi ha 137 espècies repartides en 3 gèneres:

Gènere CynoglossusMenon, A.G.K., 1977. A systematic monograph of the tongue soles of the genus Cynoglossus Hamilton-Buchanan (Pisces: Cynoglossidae). Smithson. Contrib. Zool. (238):1-129. Cynoglossus abbreviatus . Cynoglossus acaudatus . Cynoglossus acutirostris . Cynoglossus arel .Rajaguru, A., 1992. Biology of two co-occurring tonguefishes, Cynoglossus arel and Cynoglossus lida (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae), from Indian waters. Fish. Bull. 90: 328-367. Cynoglossus attenuatus . Cynoglossus bilineatus . Cynoglossus broadhursti . Cynoglossus browni . Cynoglossus cadenati . Cynoglossus canariensis . Cynoglossus capensis . Cynoglossus carpenteri . Cynoglossus cynoglossus . Cynoglossus dispar . Cynoglossus dollfusi . Cynoglossus dubius . Cynoglossus durbanensis . Cynoglossus feldmanni . Cynoglossus gilchristi . Cynoglossus gracilis . Cynoglossus heterolepis . Cynoglossus interruptus . Cynoglossus itinus . Cynoglossus joyneri . Cynoglossus kapuasensis . Cynoglossus kopsii . Cynoglossus lachneri . Cynoglossus lida . Cynoglossus lighti . Cynoglossus lineolatus . Cynoglossus lingua . Cynoglossus maccullochi . Cynoglossus macrolepidotus . Cynoglossus macrophthalmus . Cynoglossus macrostomus . Cynoglossus maculipinnis . Cynoglossus marleyi . Cynoglossus melampetalus . Cynoglossus microlepis . Cynoglossus monodi . Cynoglossus monopus . Cynoglossus nigropinnatus . Cynoglossus ogilbyi . Cynoglossus oligolepis . Cynoglossus pottii . Cynoglossus puncticeps . Cynoglossus purpureomaculatus . Cynoglossus robustus . Cynoglossus roulei . Cynoglossus sealarki . Cynoglossus semifasciatus . Cynoglossus semilaevis . Cynoglossus senegalensis . Cynoglossus sibogae . Cynoglossus sinicus . Cynoglossus sinusarabici . Cynoglossus suyeni . Cynoglossus trigrammus . Cynoglossus trulla . Cynoglossus waandersii . Cynoglossus zanzibarensis . Gènere Paraplagusia Paraplagusia bilineata . Paraplagusia blochii . Paraplagusia guttata . Paraplagusia japonica . Paraplagusia longirostris . Paraplagusia sinerama .Chapleau, F. i C.B. Renaud, 1993. Paraplagusia sinerama (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae), a new Indo-Pacific tongue sole with a revised key to species of the genus. Copeia 1993(3):798-807. Gènere SymphurusMunroe, T.A., 1998. Systematics and ecology of tonguefishes of the genus Symphurus (Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes) from the western Atlantic Ocean. Fish. Bull. 96(1):1-182. Symphurus arawak . Symphurus atramentatus . Symphurus atricaudus . Symphurus australis . Symphurus bathyspilus .Krabbenhoft, T.J. i T.A. Munroe, 2003. Symphurus bathyspilus: a new cynoglossid flatfish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae) from deepwaters of the Indo-West Pacific. Copeia (4): 810-817. Symphurus billykrietei . Symphurus callopterus . Symphurus caribbeanus . Symphurus chabanaudi . Symphurus civitatium . Symphurus diabolicus .Munroe, T.A. i J.E. McCosker, 2001. Redescription of Symphurus diabolicus, a poorly-known, deep-sea tonguefish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae) from the Galapagos Archipelago. Rev. Biol. Trop. 49(Suppl. 1):187-198. Symphurus diomedeanus . Symphurus elongatus. Symphurus fasciolaris . Symphurus fuscus . Symphurus gilesii . Symphurus ginsburgi . Symphurus gorgonae . Symphurus hondoensis .Munroe, T.A. i K. Amaoka, 1998. Symphurus hondoensis Hubbs, 1915, a valid species of Western Pacific tonguefish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae). Ichthyol. Res. 45(4):385-391. Symphurus insularis .Munroe, T.A., A. Brito i C. Hernández, 2000. Symphurus insularis: a new Eastern Atlantic dwarf tonguefish (Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes). Copeia (2):491-500. Symphurus jenynsi . Symphurus kyaropterygium . Symphurus leei . Symphurus ligulatus . Symphurus lubbocki . Symphurus luzonensis . Symphurus macrophthalmus . Symphurus maldivensis . Symphurus marginatus . Symphurus marmoratus . Symphurus melanurus . Symphurus melasmatotheca .Munroe, T.A. i M.S. Nizinski, 1990. Symphurus melasmatotheca and Symphurus undecimplerus (Cynoglossidae, Pleuronectiformes), two new Eastern Pacific tonguefishes with eleven caudal-fin rays. Copeia 1990(4):985-996. Symphurus microlepis . Symphurus microrhynchus . Symphurus minor . Symphurus monostigmus . Symphurus nebulosus . Symphurus nigrescens .Macpherson, E., 1978. Régimen alimentario de Symphurus nigrescens (Pisces, Cynoglossidae) en el Mediterráneo occidental. Invest. Pesq. 42, 325-333. Symphurus normani . Symphurus novemfasciatus . Symphurus ocellatus. Symphurus oculellus . Symphurus oligomerus . Symphurus ommaspilus . Symphurus orientalis . Symphurus parvus . Symphurus pelicanus . Symphurus piger. Symphurus plagiusa .Terwilliger, M.R. i T.A. Munroe, 1999. Age, growth, longevity, and mortality of blackcheek tonguefish, Symphurus plagiusa (Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes), in Chesapeake Bay, Virginia. Fish. Bull. 97:340-361. Symphurus plagusia .Munroe, T.A., 1991. Western Atlantic tonguefishes of the Symphurus plagusia complex (Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes), with descriptions of two new species. Fish. Bull. 89(2):247-287. Symphurus prolatinaris . Symphurus pusillus . Symphurus regani . Symphurus reticulatus . Symphurus rhytisma . Symphurus schultzi . Symphurus septemstriatus . Symphurus stigmosus . Symphurus strictus . Symphurus tessellatus . Symphurus trewavasae . Symphurus trifasciatus . Symphurus undatus . Symphurus undecimplerus . Symphurus urospilus . Symphurus vanmelleae . Symphurus variegatus . Symphurus varius . Symphurus williamsi . Symphurus woodmasoni .FishBase UNEP-WCMC Species Database

Referències

Bibliografia Desoutter, M., 1986. Cynoglossidae. p. 432-433. A J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse i D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (editors) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussel·les; MRAC, Tervuren; i ORSTOM, París. Vol. 2. Desoutter, M., 1990. Cynoglossidae. p. 1050-1054. A J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post i L. Saldanha (editors) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisboa; SEI, París; i [UNESCO], París. Vol. 2.

Gutherz, E.J., 1978. Cynoglossidae. A W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Vol. 2. pag.var. Heemstra, P.C., 1986. Cynoglossidae. p. 865-868. A M.M. Smith i P.C. Heemstra (editors) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín. Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The Diversity of Fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997. . Mahadeva, M.N. i T.A. Munroe, 1990. Three new species of symphurine tonguefishes from tropical and warm temperate waters of the Eastern Pacific (Symphurus: Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 103(4):931-954. Menon, A.G.K. i S. Monkolprasit, 1974. Cynoglossidae. A W. Fischer i P.J.P. Whitehead (editors) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Indian Ocean (fishing area 57) and Western Central Pacific (fishing area 71). Roma, FAO. Vol. II, pag. var. Menon, A.G.K., 1981. Cynoglossidae. A W. Fischer, G. Bianchi i W.B. Scott (editors) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Central Atlantic; fishing areas 34, 47 (in part). Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada i FAO. Vol. 2. pag. var. Menon, A.G.K., 1984. Cynoglossidae. A W. Fischer i G. Bianchi (editors) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2.

Munroe, T.A., 1990. Eastern Atlantic tonguefishes (Symphurus: Cynoglossidae, Pleuronectiformes), with descriptions of two new species. Bull. Mar. Sci. 47(2):464-515. Munroe, T.A., 1992. Interdigitation pattern of dorsal-fin pterygiophores and neural spines, an important diagnostic character for symphurine toungefishes (Symphurus: Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes). Bull. Mar. Sci. 50(3):357-403. Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp i M. Schneider, 1995. Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. A W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter i V. Niem (editors) Guia FAO para Identificación de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacífico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Roma. Munroe, T.A. i B.N. Marsh, 1997. Taxonomic status of three nominal species of Indo-Pacific symphurine tonguefishes (Symphurus: Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes). Ichthyol. Res. 44(2):189-200. Munroe, T.A., 2001. Cynoglossidae. Tonguesoles. p. 3890-3901. A K.E. Carpenter i V. Niem (editors) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles.. FAO, Roma. Munroe, T.A., 2002. Cynoglossidae. Tonguefishes and tongue soles. p. 1934-1959. A K.E. Carpenter (ed.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 3: Bony fishes part 2 (Opistognathidae to Molidae), sea turtles and marine mammals.. Munroe, T.A. i D.R. Robertson, 2005. Symphurus ocellaris, a new shallow-water symphurine tonguefish collected off Pacific Panama (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 118(8):576-581. Munroe, T.A., 2006. New Western Indian Ocean tonguefish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae, Symphurus) Copeia 2006(2):230-234. Munroe T. A. i J. Hashimoto, 2008. A new Western Pacific Tonguefish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae): The first Pleuronectiform discovered at active Hydrothermal Vents. Zootaxa 1839:43-59.

Ochiai, A., 1966. Study about biology and morphology of Cynoglossidae in Japan. Misaki Marine Biological Station, Tokyo Univ. Press, Tòquio. 97 p. Quéro, J.-C., M. Desoutter i F. Lagardère, 1986. Cynoglossidae. p. 1325-1328. A P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen i E. Tortonese (editors) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, París. Vol. 3. Quéro, J.-C., 1997. Soleidae et Cynoglossidae (Pleuronectiformes) de l'île de la réunion (Océan Indien): description d'une novelle espèce. Cybium 21(3):319-329.

Yokogawa, K., H. Endo i H. Sakaji, 2008. Cynoglossus ochiaii, a new tongue sole from Japan (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae). Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci. Ser. A. Suppl. 2:115-127.

Enllaços externs

FishBase ICTIMED The Taxonomicon

Cinoglòssids

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