Laktobacili (lat.Lactobacillus; lac, genitiv lactis: mlijeko + bacil), rod grampozitivnih štapićastih bakterija koje šećere razgrađuju u mliječnu kiselinu fermentativnim putem. S pomoću pojedinih vrsta laktobacila dobivaju se različiti proizvodi mliječno-kiseloga vrenja (jogurt, kefir, kiselo mlijeko). Postoji blizu 150 vrsta, a pripadaju koljenu Firmicutes.
Neki laktobacili, sastojci tzv. biojogurta (Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus), u probavnome traktu proizvode antibakterijske tvari (probiotici: reuterin) koje inhibiraju rast nepoželjnih proteolitičkih bakterija. Laktobacili imaju važnu ulogu u siliranju krmiva, prirodnom konzerviranju zelja i maslina, pretvorbi jabučne u mliječnu kiselinu u vinu (Lactobacillus plantarum), pri zrenju kobasica i salama (L. sakei, L. curvatus, L. plantarum) te u industrijskoj proizvodnji tehničke ili prehrambene mliječne kiseline iz melase i škrobnih hidrolizata (L. delbrueckii) ili sirutke (L. delbrückii ssp. bulgaricus). Također su uzročnici zubnoga karijesa, kvare pivo (L. brevis) i vino te smanjuju prinos u proizvodnji etanola. Vrste
Lactobacillus acetotolerans Lactobacillus acidifarinae Lactobacillus acidipiscis Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus agilis Lactobacillus algidus Lactobacillus alimentarius Lactobacillus amylolyticus Lactobacillus amylophilus Lactobacillus amylotrophicus Lactobacillus amylovorus Lactobacillus animalis Lactobacillus antri Lactobacillus apodemi Lactobacillus aquaticus Lactobacillus aviarius Lactobacillus bifermentans Lactobacillus bobalius Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus buchneri Lactobacillus cacaonum Lactobacillus camelliae Lactobacillus capillatus Lactobacillus casei Lactobacillus ceti Lactobacillus coleohominis Lactobacillus collinoides Lactobacillus composti Lactobacillus concavus Lactobacillus coryniformis Lactobacillus crispatus Lactobacillus crustorum Lactobacillus curvatus Lactobacillus delbrueckii Lactobacillus dextrinicus Lactobacillus diolivorans Lactobacillus equi Lactobacillus equicursoris Lactobacillus equigenerosi Lactobacillus fabifermentans Lactobacillus farciminis Lactobacillus farraginis Lactobacillus fermentum Lactobacillus floricola Lactobacillus florum Lactobacillus fornicalis Lactobacillus fructivorans Lactobacillus frumenti Lactobacillus fuchuensis Lactobacillus futsaii Lactobacillus gallinarum Lactobacillus gasseri Lactobacillus gastricus Lactobacillus ghanensis Lactobacillus gigeriorum Lactobacillus graminis Lactobacillus hammesii Lactobacillus hamsteri Lactobacillus harbinensis Lactobacillus hayakitensis Lactobacillus helveticus Lactobacillus hilgardii Lactobacillus homohiochii Lactobacillus hordei Lactobacillus iners Lactobacillus ingluviei Lactobacillus intestinalis Lactobacillus jensenii Lactobacillus johnsonii Lactobacillus kalixensis Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens Lactobacillus kefiri Lactobacillus kimchicus Lactobacillus kimchii Lactobacillus kisonensis Lactobacillus kitasatonis Lactobacillus koreensis Lactobacillus kunkeei Lactobacillus lindneri Lactobacillus malefermentans Lactobacillus mali Lactobacillus manihotivorans Lactobacillus mindensis Lactobacillus mucosae Lactobacillus murinus Lactobacillus nagelii Lactobacillus namurensis Lactobacillus nantensis Lactobacillus nasuensis Lactobacillus nodensis Lactobacillus odoratitofui Lactobacillus oeni Lactobacillus oligofermentans Lactobacillus oris Lactobacillus otakiensis Lactobacillus ozensis Lactobacillus panis Lactobacillus pantheris Lactobacillus parabrevis Lactobacillus parabuchneri Lactobacillus paracasei Lactobacillus paracollinoides Lactobacillus parafarraginis Lactobacillus parakefiri Lactobacillus paralimentarius Lactobacillus paraplantarum Lactobacillus paucivorans Lactobacillus pentosus Lactobacillus perolens Lactobacillus plantarum Lactobacillus pobuzihii Lactobacillus pontis Lactobacillus psittaci Lactobacillus rapi Lactobacillus rennini Lactobacillus reuteri Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lactobacillus rogosae Lactobacillus rossiae Lactobacillus ruminis Lactobacillus saerimneri Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus salivarius Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis Lactobacillus saniviri Lactobacillus satsumensis Lactobacillus secaliphilus Lactobacillus selangorensis Lactobacillus senioris Lactobacillus senmaizukei Lactobacillus sharpeae Lactobacillus siliginis Lactobacillus similis Lactobacillus spicheri Lactobacillus sucicola Lactobacillus suebicus Lactobacillus sunkii Lactobacillus taiwanensis Lactobacillus thailandensis Lactobacillus tucceti Lactobacillus ultunensis Lactobacillus uvarum Lactobacillus vaccinostercus Lactobacillus vaginalis Lactobacillus versmoldensis Lactobacillus vini Lactobacillus xiangfangensis Lactobacillus zeae Lactobacillus zymae
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Vanjske poveznice Kategorija:Lactobacillaceae