A Medalha Janssen é um prêmio em astrofísica da Academia de Ciências da França, destinada àqueles que contribuiram com avanços na astrofísica. Les Prix Thematiques en Sciences de l'Univers , French Academy of Sciences website, accessed 23/01/2011
O prêmio foi instituído em 1886, e a primeira medalha foi concedida no ano seguinte. A comissão formada para escolher o primeiro recipendiário da medalha selecionou a físico alemão Gustav Kirchhoff, por seu trabalho sobre a ciência da espectroscopia. Contudo, Kirchhoff morreu aos 63 anos de idade em 17 de outubro de 1887, poucos meses antes do anúncio do prêmio. Ao invés de selecionar outro recipendiário, a comissão anunciou na sessão da Academia de 26 de dezembro de 1887 que a medalha inaugural deveria ser colocada em sua sepultura, em glória suprema a este grande professor de Heidelberg. Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences (1887), pp.1322-1323. The French phrase partially translated here is: "L'Académie voudra donner à la mémoire du grand savant d'Heidelberg ce suprême hommage, qui sera une première consécration de sa gloire et une consolation pour sa famille."
O prêmio foi estabelecido originalmente ser bianual, mas foi concedido em 1888 e novamente em 1889. Um afirmação no volume de 1889 do Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences esclareceu que o prêmio seria concedido anualmente nos sete primeiros anos, a então bianualmente a partir de 1894. Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences (1889), pp.1095-1096
Este prêmio independe do Prêmio Jules Janssen (criado em 1897), um prêmio anual da Société astronomique de France. Ambos são nomeados em memória do astrônomo francês Pierre Janssen (1824–1907) (mais conhecido como Jules Janssen). Janssen foi um dos criadores da premiação, e foi membro da comissão inaugural.
Laureados
1887 - Gustav KirchhoffPrizes of the French Academy, Ralph E. Wilson, General Notes, Popular Astronomy, Vol. 21, 1913, pp.383-385. This gives all the Janssen Medal awards between 1887 and 1912 that were known to US astronomer Ralph E. Wilson (1886-1960) the author of the note. (póstuma) 1888 - William HugginsHuggins, Sir William (1824–1910), Barbara J. Becker, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008, accessed 23 Jan 2011 1889 - Norman Lockyer 1890 - Charles Augustus YoungCharles Augustus Young, John M. Poor, Popular Astronomy, vol. 16 (1908), pp.218-230. The Janssen Medal award is mentioned on page 229. 1891 - Georges Rayet 1892 - Pietro TacchiniPietro Tacchini, Hector MacPherson, Jr., Popular Astronomy, vol. 13 (1905), pp.306-308. The Janssen Medal award is mentioned on page 308. 1893 - Samuel Pierpont LangleyAward of the JANSSEN Prize to Dr. LANGLEY, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 6 (1894), No. 34, p.66 1894 - George Ellery Hale 1896 - Henri-Alexandre Deslandres 1898 - Aristarkh Belopolsky 1900 - Edward Barnard 1902 - Aymar de La Baume Pluvinel 1904 - Aleksey Pavlovitch Hansky 1905 - Gaston Millochau (silver-gilt award)The 1905 statement in Comptes rendus relating to this award stated that the gold medal award would be made in 1906, but that an award of a silver medal would be made in 1905 to Gaston Millochau. See the 1905 volumes of Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. 1906 - Annibale Riccò 1908 - Pierre Puiseux 1910 - William Wallace Campbell 1912 - Alfred Perot 1914 - René Jarry-DeslogesJarry‐Desloges, René, Patrick Fuentes, The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, 2007, Part 10, 589-590, 1916 - Charles FabryGeneral Notes, Popular Astronomy, Vol. 25, 1917, p.214-216. The Janssen Medal is mentioned on page 215, along with a note about two silver medals awarded to Fabry's colleagues at the Marseilles Observatory, Henri Buisson and Henry Bourget. 1918 - Stanislas ChevalierThe citations for all these recipients are located in the corresponding issue of Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences for the year of the award. 1920 - William CoblentzGeneral Notes, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 33, No. 192, pp.120-122 (1921). The reference to the Janssen Medal is on page 122. 1922 - Carl StørmerNotes, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, December 1922 issue, pp.476-478 1924 - George Willis RitcheyGeneral Notes, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 36, No. 214, pp.360-363 (1924). The reference to the Janssen Medal is on page 362. 1926 - Francisco Miranda da Costa Lobo 1928 - William Hammond WrightWilliam Hammond Wright, 1871-1959, Paul W. Merril, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 71 (1959), No. 421, p.305 1930 - Bernard Lyot 1932 - Alexandre Dauvillier 1934 - Walter Sydney AdamsWalter S. Adams, 1876-1956, F. J. M. Stratton, The Observatory, Vol. 76, p. 139-140 (1956) 1936 - Henry Norris RussellRUSSELL, Henry Norris, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, accessed 23 Jan 2011 1938 - Bertil Lindblad 1940 - Harlow Shapley 1943 - Lucien Henri d'Azambuja 1944 - Jean Rösch 1946 - Jan Hendrik Oort 1949 - Daniel Chalonge 1952 - André Couder 1955 - Otto StruveGeneral Notes, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 68, No. 400, pp.84-85 (1956) 1958 - André Lallemand 1961 - Pol Swings Pol Swings - Curriculum Vitae , Fondation Francqui-Stichting website, accessed 24/01/2011 1964 - Jean-François Denisse Jean-François Denisse , French Academy of Sciences website, accessed 23/01/2011 1967 - Bengt StrömgrenStrömgren, Bengt Georg Daniel, Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography (2008), retrieved 26/01/2011 from Encyclopedia.com 1970 - Gérard Wlérick Gérard Wlérick , French Academy of Sciences website, accessed 28/01/2011 1973 - Lucienne DevanComptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences: Sciences mathématiques, Volume 277, page 128 (1973) (silver-gilt award)The Comptes rendus citation refers to the award as a "médaille en vermeil" - i.e. the award was not a full gold medal. 1976 - Paul LedouxPaul Ledoux (1914-1988), A. Noels, The Messenger, vol. 54, p.10 (1988) 1979 - Jean DelhayeJ. Delhaye received the Prix Jules-César Janssen, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Vie Acad., Tome 289, p. 95 (1979) 1982 - Georges MichaudObservatory Reports: Université de Montréal, Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 16, p.246 (1984) 1985 - Pierre Lacroute, Copied pages listing Janssen Medal winners (in French) 1988 - Lodewijk Woltjer. Lodewijk Woltjer, French Academy of Sciences website, accessed 23/01/2011 1990 - Pierre Charvin 1992 - Henk C. Van de Hulst 1994 - Serge KoutchmySerge Koutchmy received la médaille Janssen, C. R. Acad. Sci., Sér. Gén., Vie Sci., Tome 11, No. 5, p. 412 (1994) 1999 - Jean-Marie Mariotti 2003 - Gilbert Vedrenne 2007 - Bernard Fort Laureats des Prix de l'Academie des Sciences en 2007 , French Academy of Sciences website, accessed 23/01/2011 2011 - François Mignard Francois Mignard , French Academy of Sciences website
Ligações externas Les Prix Thematiques en Sciences de l'Univers, includes a description of the Janssen Medal (French Academy of Sciences) Article and photograph on the presentation of the 2007 award to Bernard Fort (Paris Institute of Astrophysics)
Categoria:Prêmios de astronomia Categoria:Prêmios estabelecidos em 1886