thumb|250px|Pablo Picasso em 1962. Avant-garde (). ou Vanguarda é um termo originário da língua francesa usado em vários idiomas para se referir a pessoas ou obras inovativas ou experimentais, mas que particularmente respeitam a arte e a cultura em seu processo.
A vanguarda representa uma demolição das barreiras do que é aceito como norma ou status quo, principalmente na área cultural. A noção da existência da vanguarda é creditada por alguns como sendo uma tendência irmã do modernismo, mas diferente do pós-modernismo. O pós-modernismo sustenta que a era da constante aniquilação de fronteiras não está mais entre nós e que a vanguarda tem pouca ou nenhuma aplicabilidade na era da arte pós-moderna.
Artes visuais thumb|Retrato de Tarsila do Amaral. thumb|Henri Matisse, 1933, foto por Carl Van Vechten thumb|Joan Miró 1935, Foto por Carl Van Vechten
Pierre Alechinsky Tarsila do Amaral Alexander Archipenko Anita Malfatti Hans Bellmer Joseph BeuysSee Claudia Schmuckli: ‘Chronology and Selected Exhibition History,’ in Joseph Beuys: Actions, Vitrines, Environments (Tate, 2005).This account of Beuys’s biography is indebted to Schmuckli’s chronology. Francisco Bores Constantin Brâncuși"Constantin Brancusi" at brainjuice.com. (Accessed March 27, 2007.) Georges BraqueArtcyclopedia - Links to Braque's works and information David Burliuk Wladimir Burliuk Giorgio de ChiricoGiorgio de Chirico in the Museum of Modern Art Joseph Csaky Salvador Dalí Theo van Doesburg Jean DubuffetJean Dubuffet at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) Marcel DuchampCalvin Tomkins: Duchamp: A Biography. Naum GaboNaum Gabo at the Tate Gallery Archive Pablo Gargallo Victor Brecheret Paul Gauguin Alberto GiacomettiJames Lord (1997) Giacometti: A Biography, Farrar, Straus and Giroux* Alberto Giacometti. Kunsthaus Zürich, 2001; New York, The Museum of Modern Art, 2001-2002. Albert Gleizes Julio GonzálezGuggenheim Museum biography Natalia Goncharova Arshile Gorky George Grosz Neil Harbisson Asger Jorn Wassily KandinskyHajo Düchting. Wassily Kandinsky 1866–1944: A Revolution in Painting. (Taschen, 2000). Allan Kaprow Roger Kemp Frederick John Kiesler Willem de KooningWillem de Kooning, Britannica.com, p1 Yayoi Kusama Fernand Léger El Lissitzky Kazimir Malevich Agnes Martinhttp://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O%3AAD%3AE%3A3787 Henri MatisseHilary Spurling. The Unknown Matisse: A Life of Henri Matisse, Vol. 1, 1869-1908. London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1998. . Jean Metzinger Joan Miró Piet MondrianHans Locher: Piet Mondrian. Colour, Structure, and Symbolism. Bern-Berlin: Verlag Gachnang & Springer, 1994. Henry MooreReview in Sculpture Magazine Barnett NewmanBarnett Newman Selected Writings and Interviews, (ed.) by John P. O'Neill, University of California Press, 1990. Georgia O'KeeffeRoxana Robinson. 1990. Georgia O'Keeffe: A life. Bloomsbury, London. Claes OldenburgOldenburg Biography at the Guggenheim Museum Yoko Ono Francis Picabia Pablo Picasso Antoine Pevsner Jackson PollockPiper, David. The Illustrated History of Art, , p460-461. Robert Rauschenberg Man Ray Ad ReinhardtAd Reinhardt bio at Guggenheim Museum site Jean-Paul Riopelle Alexander Rodchenko Olga Rozanova Kurt Schwitters David Smith Kenneth Snelson Frank Stella Frank Stella Biography, Guggenheim Museum Vladimir Tatlin Sergei Tretyakov Remedios Varo Wolf VostellWolf Vostell at the Museum Ludwig in Cologne Andy WarholAndy Warhol at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) Wols
Poesia, Literatura e Teatro thumb|right|James Joyce, c. 1918, Foto por C. Ruf, Zurich thumb|right|Carl Van Vechten, Retrato de Gertrude Stein, 1934 Mário de Andrade JoAnne Akalaitis Manuel Bandeira Mabou Mines Guillaume Apollinaire Antonin Artaud H. C. Artmann Oswald de Andrade Hugo Ball J. G. Ballard Julian Beck Samuel Beckett Maurice Blanchot Jorge Luis Borges André Breton Christine Brooke-Rose William S. Burroughs Jim Carroll Louis-Ferdinand Celine Gregory Corso Jayne Cortez E. E. Cummings Jeffrey Daniels Guy Debord John Dos Passos Benjamin Fondane Richard Foreman Akasegawa Genpei Allen Ginsberg Witold Gombrowicz Eugen Gomringer Jerzy Grotowski Stewart Home Ernst Jandl Alfred Jarry James Joyce Franz Kafka Tadeusz Kantor Lajos Kassák Srečko Kosovel Jackson Mac Low Mina Loy Dimitris Lyacos Judith Malina Filippo Tommaso Marinetti Vladimir Mayakovsky Vsevolod Meyerhold Henry Miller Ion Minulescu Yukio Mishima Vladimir Nabokov Anaïs Nin Ezra Pound Alain Robbe-Grillet Raymond Roussel Bruno Schulz Gertrude Stein Ellen Stewart Jean Tardieu Tristan Tzara Urmuz (Romanian writer) Ilarie Voronca William Carlos Williams Miroslav Wanek Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz Virginia Woolf
Arquitetura thumb|Frank Lloyd Wright, 1954, foto: Al Ravenna, New York World-Telegram and Sun Steve Baer Le Corbusier Norman Foster Buckminster Fuller Frank Gehry Walter Gropius Louis Kahn Rem Koolhaas I. M. Pei Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Eero Saarinen Ettore Sottsass Frank Lloyd Wright Zaha Hadid
Música thumb|right|Igor Stravinsky, 1921 thumb|Duke Ellington 1965 em turnê, Frankfurt, Alemanha.
thumb|right|Philip Glass, 1993 em Florença. thumb|Steve Reich, 2006 Laurie Anderson Villa-Lobos George Antheil Marcellí Antúnez Roca Albert Aylerhttp://www.allmusic.com/artist/albert-ayler-p6036/biography Albert Ayler Biography at AllMusic Renee Baker John Balance Luciano Berio Arthur Brown Pierre Boulez Glenn Branca Günter Brus John Zorn Harold Budd John Cage Les Claypool Ornette Coleman John Coltrane Conlon Nancarrow Tony Conrad Ivor Cutler Miles Davis Claude Debussyhttp://www.allmusic.com/artist/claude-debussy-q7223 Information about Claude Debussy Eric Dolphy Marco Donnarumma Duke Ellington Don Ellis Brian Eno Aphex Twin Morton Feldman Aaron Funk Diamanda Galás Philip Glass Dave Holland Daryl Hayott Charles Iveshttp://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/ives.php Charles Ives at Classical Net Roland Kirk Bill Laswell György Ligeti Witold Lutosławski Béla Bartók Lydia Lunch Charles Mingus Thelonious Monk Max Neuhaus Hermann Nitsch Mike Oldfield Pauline Oliveros Yoko Ono Harry Partch Mike Patton Krzysztof Penderecki Ástor Piazzolla Jarosław Pijarowski Sun Ra Steve Reich Stelarc Terry Riley Arthur Russell Pharoah Sanders Erik Satie Pierre Schaeffer Arnold Schoenberg Archie Shepp Igor Stravinskyhttp://www.allmusic.com/artist/igor-stravinsky-q8016/biography Stravinsky bio at Allmusic David Tudor Arto Tunçboyacıyan Edgard Varèse David Vorhaus Igor Wakhevitch Anton Webern Robert Wyatt Iannis Xenakis Kathleen Yearwood La Monte Young Frank Zappa right|thumb|Buckethead Autópsia Amon Düül II Arcturus Maya Beiser Captain Beefheart Boredoms Björk Buckethead Butthole Surfers John Cale Can Coil Cluster Einstürzende Neubauten Brian Eno Faust Pink Floyd Gong Hella (band) Henry Cow Iwrestledabearonce Jonathan Davis and the SFA Kayo Dot Kraftwerk The Mars Volta The Melvins Meshuggah Ours To Destroy Pan.Thy.Monium
Dança e Coreografia
Loie Fuller Isadora Duncan Vaslav Nijinsky Léonide Massine Ruth St. Denis Ted Shawn Doris Humphrey Charles Weidman Hanya Holm Helen Tamiris Mary Wigman Martha Graham Anna Sokolow Merce Cunningham Alwin Nikolais Twyla Tharp Lucinda Childs Deborah Hay Anna Halprin Yvonne Rainer Pina Bausch Trisha Brown Erick Hawkins Sally Gross
Cinema e Fotografia thumb|right|Salvador Dalí e Man Ray em Paris, em 16 de junho de 1934, foto por Carl Van Vechten thumb|Jonas Mekas, artista lituano tido como o patrono do cinema de vanguarda estadunidense. John Abraham Kenneth Anger Diane Arbus Berenice Abbott Matthew Barney Jordan Belson Patrick Bokanowski Stan Brakhage Luis Buñuel John Cassavetes Věra Chytilová Jean Cocteau Bruce Connor Maya Deren Nathaniel Dorsky Germaine Dulac Harun Farocki Rainer Werner Fassbinder David Gatten Ernie Gehr Jean-Luc Godard Philippe Grandrieux Lars von Trier Andy Warhol Peter Weibel Joel-Peter Witkin Fred Worden Kansuke Yamamoto Thierry Zéno
Ver também Vanguarda russa Intelligentsia Modernismo
Bibliografia Cage, John. 1961. Silence: Lectures and Writings. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. Unaltered reprints: Weslyan University press, 1966 (pbk), 1967 (cloth), 1973 (pbk ["First Wesleyan paperback edition"], 1975 (unknown binding); Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1971; London: Calder & Boyars, 1968, 1971, 1973 (cloth) (pbk). London: Marion Boyars, 1986, 1999 (pbk); [n.p.]: Reprint Services Corporation, 1988 (cloth) [In particular the essays "Experimental Music", pp. 7–12, and "Experimental Music: Doctrine", pp. 13–17.] Cope, David. 1997. Techniques of the Contemporary Composer. New York, New York: Schirmer Books. . Mauceri, Frank X. 1997. "From Experimental Music to Musical Experiment". Perspectives of New Music 35, no. 1 (Winter): 187-204. Meyer, Leonard B. 1994. Music, the Arts, and Ideas: Patterns and Predictions in Twentieth-Century Culture. Second edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Nicholls, David. 1998. "Avant-garde and Experimental Music." In Cambridge History of American Music. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. Nyman, Michael. 1974. Experimental Music: Cage and Beyond. New York: Schirmer Books. . Second edition, Cambridge & New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. A. L. Rees, A History of Experimental Film and Video (BFI, 1999). Malcolm Le Grice, Abstract Film and Beyond (MIT, 1977). Scott MacDonald, A Critical Cinema, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988, 1992 and 1998). Scott MacDonald, Avant-Garde Film: Motion Studies (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993). James Peterson, Dreams of Chaos, Visions of Order: Understanding the American Avant-Garde Cinema (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1994). Jack Sargeant, Naked Lens: Beat Cinema (Creation, 1997). P. Adams Sitney, Visionary Film: The American Avant-Garde, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1974). Michael O’Pray, Avant-Garde Film: Forms, Themes and Passions (London: Wallflower Press, 2003). David Curtis (ed.), A Directory of British Film and Video Artists (Arts Council, 1999). David Curtis, Experimental Cinema - A Fifty Year Evolution. (London. Studio Vista. 1971) Wheeler Winston Dixon, The Exploding Eye: A Re-Visionary History of 1960s American Experimental Cinema. (Albany, NY. State University of New York Press, 1997) Wheeler Winston Dixon and Gwendolyn Audrey Foster (eds.) Experimental Cinema - The Film Reader, (London: Routledge, 2002) Stan Brakhage. Film at Wit's End - Essays on American Independent Filmmakers. (Edinburgh, Polygon. 1989) Stan Brakhage. Essential Brakhage - Selected Writings on Filmmaking. (New York, McPherson. 2001) Parker Tyler, Underground Film: A Critical History. (New York: Grove Press, 1969) Saunders, Frances Stonor, The cultural cold war: the CIA and the world of arts and letters (New York: New Press: Distributed by W.W. Norton & Co., 2000) O'Connor, Francis V. Jackson Pollock [exhibition catalogue] (New York, Museum of Modern Art, ) OCLC 165852 The Philosophy and Politics of Abstract Expressionism 1940-1960 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2000 Tapié, Michel. Hans Hofmann: peintures 1962 : 23 avril-18 mai 1963. (Paris: Galerie Anderson-Mayer, 1963.) [exhibition catalogue and commentary] OCLC: 62515192 Tapié, Michel. Pollock (Paris, P. Facchetti, 1952) OCLC: 30601793
Ligações externas Why did Soviet Photographic Avant-garde decline? Definition at Tate Gallery site
Categoria:Arte moderna