Khaling (kʰɛ̂l brâː ख्या:ल् ब्रा:) é uma língua Kiranti na Nepal e na Índia. É uma das poucas línguas kiranti com contrastes tonais, de origem secundária. Khaling também é conhecido como Rai, Khalinge Rai, Khael Bra e Khael Baat. Situação Khaling tem cerca de 15 mil falantes, sendo considerada uma língua vulnerável. Khaling tem um sistema complexo de alternâncias de radicais: até 10 radicais distintos devem ser unidos para formar uma palavra (Jacques et al. 2012). Khaling é muito incomum por ter demonstrativos auditivos (ver Jacques e Lahaussois 2014). [https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01244878/document Halsh.

Khaling ainda está sendo aprendido por crianças que vivem áreas Khaling, bem como por crianças que não Khaling da área. Geografia Khaling é falado nasseguintes áreas do Nepal ( Ethnologue ). Distrito de Solukhumbu, Província No. 1: vilas Kanku, Basa, Baku, Waku, Buksa, Jubing, Pawai e Phuleli Distrito de Khotang, Província No. 1: vilas Buipa Fuleli e Kharmi Distrito de Udayapur, Província No. 1: Município de Triyuga Gaighat, Basaha, Belter, cidade de Rampur. Distrito de Sankhuwasabha, Província No. 1: vila Tungkhaling Distrito de Sunsari, Província No. 1: Dharan Distrito de Ilam, Província No. 1: aldeias Pyang, Sumbek e Mai Pokhari Amostra de texto Mateus 1:1-4

1. अब्राहामपो उमुःना़कोलो दाऊद रा़सपो उमुःना़ येशु ख्रीष्टपो उचु प़ापह़ामपो उन नङ थेसा रेन्प़ा गो़नु, 2. अब्राहामपो उच़ो इसहाक, इसहाकपो उच़ो याकूब, मना याकूबपो उच़ोह़ाम यहूदाकोलो वोङाम उछ़ारीह़ाम मोत्नु। 3. यहूदापो उमेइ तामारलका बुक्पा फारेसकोलो जाहेर, मना फारेसपो उच़ो हिस्रोन, हिस्रोनपो उच़ो आराम, 4. आरामपो उच़ो अम्मीनादाब, अम्मीनादाबपो उच़ो नहशोन, नहशोनपो उच़ो सल्मोन।

IPA

1. abraːhaːmpo umûnäkolo daː'ud räspo umûnä jesu kʰistpo ucu päphämpo in na tʰesaː renpä gönu, 2. abraːhaːmpo ucö ishaːk, ishaːkpo ucö jaːk'ub, manaː jaːk'ubpo ucöhäm jahu'daːkolo woŋaːm ucʰärihäm motnu. 3. jahˈudaːpo udei taːmaːrlakaː bukpä pʰaːreskolo ɟaːher, manaː pʰaːrespo ucö hisron, hisronpo ucö aːraːm, 4. aːraːmpo ucö amminaːdaːb, amminaːdaːbpo ucö nahason, nahasonpo ucö salmon.

Português

1. 1. O livro da geração de Jesus Cristo, filho de Davi, filho de Abraão. 2. 2. Abraão gerou Isaque; e Isaac gerou Jacó; e Jacó gerou Judas e seus irmãos; 3. 3. E Judas gerou Phares e Zara de Tamar; e Phares gerou Esrom; e Esrom gerou Aram; 4. 4. E Aram gerou Aminadabe; e Aminadab gerou Naasson; e Naasson gerou Salmon. Notas

Bibliografia Hale, Austin, editor. 1973. Collected papers on Khaling, Kulung, Darai, Newari, Chitwan Tharu. Nepal Studies in Linguistics, 1. Kirtipur: Summer Institute of Linguistics and Institute for Nepal and Asian Studies. vii, 87 p. Jacques, Guillaume, Aimée Lahaussois, Boyd Michailovsky, and Dhan Bahadur Rai. 2012. An overview of Khaling verbal morphology. 'Language and linguistics' 13.6: 1095–1170.

Jacques, Guillaume 2015. Derivational morphology in Khaling. Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 8(1). 78–85. Jacques, Guillaume, Aimée Lahaussois & Dhan Bahadur Rai. 2016. Reflexive paradigms in Khaling. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 39(1). 33–48. Jacques, Guillaume, Aimée Lahaussois, Dhan Bahadur Rai & Yadav Kumar. 2015. Khaling-Nepali-English Dictionary, version 1.0. Paris: Projet HimalCo. http://himalco.huma-num.fr/. Toba, Sueyoshi and Ingrid Toba. 1972. Khaling phonemic summary. Tibeto-Burman Phonemic Summaries, 12. Kirtipur: Summer Institute of Linguistics and Institute of Nepal Studies, Tribhuvan University. 73 p. Toba, Ingrid. 1973. "The Khaling verb." Nepal Studies in Linguistics 1: 1-14. Toba, Sueyoshi and Ingrid Toba. 1975. A Khaling-English, English-Khaling glossary. Kathmandu: Summer Institute of Linguistics and Institute of Nepal and Asian Studies. xiii, 86 p. Toba, Ingrid. 1977. "Folk art and culture change as observed in a Khaling village." Kailash 5(1): 13-27. Toba, Sueyoshi. 1981. Khaling texts. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa. 97 p. Toba, Sueyoshi. 1983. Khaling Texts. YAK 7. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa Toba, Sueyoshi. 1984. Khaling. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa Caughley, R. C., & Caughley, R. C. (1996). Review of: The structure of Kiranti languages: comparative grammar and texts, by Karen Ebert. Journal of Nepalese Studies, 1(2), 243-246. Hansson, G. (1991). The Rai of Eastern Nepal, Ethnic and Linguistic Grouping: Findings of the Linguistic Survey of Nepal. Linguistic Survey of Nepal and Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University. Hodson, T. C.. (1913). Note on the Numeral Systems of the Tibeto-Burman Dialects. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 315–336. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/25188969 Matisoff, J. A. (2003). Handbook of Proto-Tibeto-Burman: system and philosophy of Sino-Tibetan reconstruction. UC Publications in Linguistics. 174 Michailovsky, B., & Mazaudon, M. (1973). Notes on the Hayu language. Kailash, 1, 135-52. van Driem, G.. (1990). The Fall and Rise of the Phoneme /r/ in Eastern Kiranti: Sound Change in Tibeto-Burman. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 53(1), 83–86. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/618970 Rai J.B. (2018), Nyagi Ritual of Khaling Rai Community:An anthropological study of Jubhing, Solukhumbu.[Un publish MA thesis, RR camus, Jacques, Guillaume, Aimée Lahaussois, Boyd Michailovsky, and Dhan Bahadur Rai. 2012. An overview of Khaling verbal morphology. 'Language and linguistics' 13.6: 1095–1170. Ling. Sinica Jacques, Guillaume. 2016. Tonogenesis and tonal alternations in Khaling. In Enrique L. Palancar & Jean Léo Léonard (eds.), Tone and Inflection, 41–66. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter. Academia.Edu] Kathmandu] Ligações externas Khaling Rai Song ; स्याल थन्न्य मो ओ स्यो Khaling em Omniglot.com Khaling em Ethnologue Khaling em Ling.Sinica Khaling emWebonary

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