Цёмна-бурая плямістасць — захворванне лісця пшаніцы, выкліканае грыбам віду . Гэты ж грыб таксама можа засяляць іншыя часткі расліны, што ў спалучэнні з іншымі патагенамі прыводзіць да і іншых захворванняў.

Літаратура

Joshi, A. K.; R. Chand, S. Kumar, and R. P. Singh. 2004. Leaf Tip Necrosis: A Phenotypic Marker Associated with Resistance to Spot Blotch Disease in Wheat. Crop Sci. 44:792-796. Joshi A. K., S. Kumar, R. Chand and G. Ortiz-Ferrara 2004. Inheritance of resistance to spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in spring wheat. Plant Breeding 123, 213—219 Rosyara, U.R., R.C. Sharma, S.M. Shrestha, and E. Duveiller. 2006. Yield and yield components response to defoliation of spring wheat genotypes with different level of resistance to Helminthosporium leaf blight. Journal of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science 27. 42-48. or Adlakha, K.L., Wilcoxson, R.D. & Ray-chauduri, S.P. 1984. Resistance of wheat to spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana. Plant Dis., 68: 320—321. Alam, K.B., Banu, S.P. & Shaheed, M.A. 1998. The occurrence and significance of spot blotch disease in Bangladesh. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIMMYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 63-66. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Annone, J. 1998. Tan spot of wheat in Argentina: Importance and prevailing disease management strategies. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIMMYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 339-345. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Bhatta, M.R., Pokharel, D.R., Devkota, R.N., Dubin, H.J., Mudwari, A., Bimb, H.P., Thapa, B.R., Sah, B.P. & Bhandari, D. 1998. Breeding for Helminthosporium blights resistance in Nepal: strategy followed by the national wheat research program and genetic gains. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIMMYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 188-195. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Bisen, P.S. & Channy, B. 1983. Some observations on the surface of wheat leaves during the early stages of infection by Helminthosporium sativum. J. Ind. Bot. Soc., 62(3): 285—287. Bockus, W.W. & Claassen, M.M. 1992. Effects of crop rotation and residue management practices on severity of tan spot of winter wheat. Plant Dis., 76: 633—636. Brûlé-Babel & Lamari, L. 1992. Evaluation of field screening techniques for tan spot resistance in spring wheat. In L.J. Francl, J.M. Krupinsky & M.P McMullen, eds. Advances in Tan Spot Research, Proc. 2nd Int. Tan Spot Workshop, 25-26 Jun. 1992, p. 39-43. Fargo, ND, USA, NDSU. CIMMYT. 1995. CIMMYT/NARS consultancy on ME1 bread wheat breeding. Wheat Special Report No. 38, p. 25. Mexico, DF. Cook, R.J. & Veseth, R.J. 1991. Wheat health management. St Paul, MN, USA, APS Press. 152 pp. Couture, L. & Sutton, J.C. 1978. Control of spot blotch in barley by fungicides applications timed according to weather factors. Phytoprotection, 59: 65-75. Diehl, J.A., R.D., Tinline, R.D., Kochhann, R.A., Shipton, P.J. & Rovira, A.D. 1982. The effect of fallow periods on common root rot of wheat in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Phytopathology, 72: 1297—1301. Di Zinno, T., Longree, H. & Maraite, H. 1998. Diversity of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis isolates from wheat grown in warm areas: pathogenicity, toxin production and RAPD analysis. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIMMYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 302-312. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Dubin, H.J. & Bimb, H.P. 1994. Studies of soilborne diseases and foliar blights of wheat at the National Wheat Research Experiment Station, Bhairahawa, Nepal. Wheat Special Report No. 36. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Dubin, H.J. & Duveiller, E. 2000. Helminthosporium leaf blights of wheat: integrated control and prospects for the future. In Proc. Int. Conf. Integrated Plant Disease Management for Sustainable Agriculture, New Delhi, 10-15 Nov. 1997, vol. 1, p. 575-579. Dubin, H.J. & Rajaram, S. 1996. Breeding disease resistant wheats for tropical highlands and lowlands. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol., 34: 503—526. Dubin, H.J. & van Ginkel, M. 1991. The status of wheat diseases and disease research in the warmer areas. In D.A. Saunders & G. Hettel, eds. Proc. Wheat for Nontraditional Warm Areas. Proc. Int. Conf., Foz do Iguazu, Brazil, 29 Jul.-3 Aug. 1990, p. 125-145. Mexico, DF, UNDP/CIMMYT. Dubin, H.J., Arun, B., Begum, S.N., Bhatta, M., Dhari, R., Goel, L.B., Joshi, A.K., Khanna, B.M., Malaker, P.K., Pokhrel, D.R., Rahman, M.M., Saha, N.K., Sharma, R.C., Singh, A.K., Singh, R.M., Singh, R.V., Vargas, M. & Verma, P.C. 1998. Results of South Asia regional Helminthosporium leaf blight and yield experiment, 1993—1994. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIMMYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 182-187. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Duveiller, E. & Gilchrist, L. 1994. Productions constraints due to Bipolaris sorokiniana in wheat: current situation and future prospects. In D. Saunders & G. Hettel, eds. Proc. Wheat in the Warmer Areas, Rice/Wheat Systems, Nashipur, Dinajpur, Bangladesh, 13-16 Feb. 1993, p. 343-352. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT/UNDP. Duveiller, E., Dubin, H.J., Reeves, J. & McNab, A., eds. 1998a. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIMMYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Duveiller, E., García, I., Toledo, J., Franco, J., Crossa, J. & Lopez, F. 1998b. Evaluation of resistance to spot blotch of wheat in Mexico: improvement of disease assessment in the field and under controlled conditions. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIM-MYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 171-181. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Evans, C.K., Hunger, R.M. & Siegerist, W.C. 1996. Inoculum density and infection efficiency and conidiophores of Isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. Plant Dis., 80: 505—512. Fernandez, M., DePauw, R.M., Clarcke, J.M., Zentner, R.P. & McConkey, B.G. 1998. Tan spot in western Canada. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIMMYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 369-373. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Francl, L. 1997. Local and mesodistance dispersal of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis conidia. Can. J. Plant Pathol., 19: 247—255. Franco, J., Duveiller, E., Crossa, J. & García, I. 1998. New approach for clustering breeding genotypes using production variables, yield losses, and a double digit disease scale: application to the assessment of spot blotch resistance from a non replicated trial. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIMMYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 206-212. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Gilbert, J., Woods, S.M. & Tekauz A. 1998. Relationship between environmental variables and tillage systems and the incidence and severity of leaf-spotting diseases of spring wheat in southern Manitoba. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIM-MYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 333-338. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Hait, G.N. & Sinha, A.K. 1986. Protection of wheat seedlings from Helminthosporium infection by seed treatment with chemicals. J. Phytopathol., 115: 97-107. Hetzler, J., Eyal, Z., Mehta, Y.R., Campos, L.A., Fehrmann, H., Kushnir, U., Zekaria-Oren, J. & Cohen, L. 1991. Interactions between spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus) and wheat cultivars. In D.A. Saunders & G. Hettel, eds. Proc. Wheat for Nontraditional Warm Areas. Proc. Int. Conf., Foz do Iguazu, Brazil, 29 Jul.-3 Aug. 1990, p. 146-164. Mexico, DF, UNDP/CIMMYT. Hobbs, P.R. & Giri, G.S. 1997. Reduced and zero tillage options for establishment of wheat after rice in South Asia. In H-J. Braun et al., eds. Wheat: prospects for global improvement, p. 455-465. Dordrecht, Netherlands, Kluwer Academic. Hobbs, P.R., Harrington, L.W., Adhikary, C., Giri, G.S., Upadhyay, S.R. & Adhikary, B. 1996. Wheat and rice in the Nepal Tarai: farm resources and production practices in Rupandehi district. Mexico, DF, Nepal, CIMMYT, NARC. Huber, D.M., Lee, T.S., Ross, M.A. & Abney, T.S. 1987. Amelioration of tan spot-infected wheat with nitrogen. Plant Dis., 71: 49-50. Kohli, M.M., Mehta, Y.R. & de Ackermann, M.D. 1992. Spread of tan spot in the Southern cone region of South America. In L.J. Francl, J.M. Krupinsky & M.P McMullen, eds. Advances in Tan Spot Research, Proc. 2nd Int. Tan Spot Workshop, 25-26 Jun. 1992, p. 86-90. Fargo, ND, USA, NDSU. Krupinsky, J.M. 1992a. Grass hosts of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. Plant Dis., 74: 92-95. Krupinsky, J.M. 1992b. Collection of conidia and ascospores Pyrenophora tritici-repentis from wheat straw. In L.J. Francl, J.M. Krupinsky & M.P. McMullen, eds. Advances in Tan Spot Research, Proc. 2nd Int. Tan Spot Workshop, 25-26 Jun. 1992, p. 91-97. Fargo, ND, USA, NDSU. Krupinsky, J., Halvorson, A.D. & Black, A.L. 1998. Leaf spot diseases on wheat in a conservation tillage study. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIMMYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 322-326. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Kumar U, A. K. Joshi, S. Kumar, R. Chand and M. S. Röder, 2010 Mapping of quantitative trait loci and identification of diagnostic markers for resistance to spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in wheat (T. aestivum L.) lines 'Ning 8201' and 'Chirya 3'. Molecular Breeding Online first Kumar U, A. K. Joshi, S. Kumar, R. Chand and M. S. Röder, 2009 Mapping of resistance to spot blotch disease caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in spring wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 118:783-792. Lamari, L. & Bernier, C.C. 1989. Toxin of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis: host specificity, significance in disease, and inheritance of host reactions. Phytopathology, 79: 740—744. Lamari, L. & Bernier, C.C. 1994. Temperature-induced resistance to tan spot [Pyrenophora tritici-repentis] of wheat. Can. J. Plant Pathol., 16: 279—286. Lamari, L. & Sayoud, R. 1997. Pathotype and race concepts in Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. In 3rd Int. Tan Spot Workshop. 10-11 Jul. 1997, abstr. p. 8. Winnipeg, Canada, University of Manitoba. Lamari, L., Sayoud, R., Boulif, M. & Bernier, C.C. 1995. Identification of a new race in Pyrenophora tritici-repentis: implication for the current pathotype classification system. Can. J. Plant Pathol., 17: 312—318. Ledingham, R.J., Atkinson, T.G., Horricks, J.S., Mills, J.T., Piening, L.J. & Tinline, R.D. 1973. Wheat losses due to common root rot in the prairies of Canada, 1969-71. Can. Plant Dis. Surv., 53: 113—122. Loughman, R., Wilson, R.E., Roake, J.E., Platz, G.J., Rees, R.G. & Ellison, F.W. 1998. Crop management and breeding for control of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis causing yellow spot of wheat in Australia. In E. Duveiller, H.J. Dubin, J. Reeves & A. McNab, eds. Proc. Int. Workshop Helminthosporium Diseases of Wheat: Spot Blotch and Tan Spot, CIMMYT, El Batan, Mexico, 9-14 Feb. 1997, p. 10-17. Mexico, DF, CIMMYT. Maraite, H. & Weyns, J. 1982. Observations d’une épidémie de Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs. Sur froment en Belgique. Premières données sur le cycle de développement, le pouvoir pathogène et la sensibilité aux fongicides. Med. Fac. Landbouww. Rijksuniv. Gent., 47: 913—924.